OAS Paddling — Stages 1 to 9

The youth member should be able to explain the purpose of a PFD, the differences between a PFD and lifejacket, and why they should wear a PFD during paddling activities.

The youth member should be able to select appropriate clothing for the activity and the expected weather conditions. They should wear clothing that is fast drying and able to keep them warm when wet. Depending on the weather and season, layers of clothing are usually best. A long sleeve activity shirt for sun protection, hat and closed- toe shoes are always appropriate.

The youth member should be able to describe what the buddy system is and how it is different when undertaking paddling activities.

The youth member needs to be able to swim 10 metres whilst correctly wearing their PFD.

The youth member will need to float in their PFD, whilst wearing it correctly, for 2 minutes.

The youth member should be able to discuss and demonstrate an understanding of the risks of cold water.

The youth member should be able to explain what a forward and backward stroke is, and what happens to the watercraft when these two strokes are used with a paddle.

The youth member should demonstrate good technique when performing these two strokes. This includes sitting up straight, keeping hands no higher than eye height and holding the paddle correctly..

The youth member should go on a paddling adventure and practice their forward and backward strokes. They should demonstrate understanding of the buddy system and working as a team, as well as try and paddle in a straight line.

The youth member will need to demonstrate looking after their equipment. This includes keeping food and warm clothing dry, using their paddle appropriately (including not digging it in the dirt when on land with it) and not crashing their watercraft into others.

The youth member should be able to demonstrate where the bow and stern are located on their paddle craft. They should also be able to discuss what bow and stern represents.

The youth member should always review their adventures and should talk about the favourite thing from their paddling trip with other Scouts or leaders.

The youth member should be able to correctly put on and adjust their PFD. They should make sure that they do up all the clips, buckles and zips. They can demonstrate the correct fit by holding the shoulder straps and lifting the PFD shouldn't go above their ears.

The youth member should be able to discuss how their paddling adventures can impact on the environment. They could think about their effect on the plants, animals, the waterways and erosion. They may also consider impacts on the man-made/human environment.

The youth member should list all the appropriate actions to make sure they stay safe when capsizing. They will need to consider their location, who they are with, and whether this changes their actions.

The youth member should be able to discuss how to stay safe when going out on the water. They should include things like weather and tides, and consider their location and who they are with. Scouts working on Stage 4 should help with this.

The youth member should have a plan should something go wrong, and know how to contact emergency services based on their location. This might be with an EPIRB, mobile phone or radio. They should also consider who is the best person to be contacting emergency services. They should also be able to explain why everyone needs to know how to contact the emergency services.

The youth member's diagram should include water, food, clothing, first aid kit, sun safe gear, PFD, any emergency gear you see important, watercraft and paddles.

The youth member is required to learn a knot specific to paddling. Knots that are pertinent to paddling include: bowline, fisherman's knot, trucker's hitch, half hitch and prusik. They should be able to discuss the use of their chosen knot in relation to paddling.

The youth member is required to learn about two other paddling strokes to build on the foundation skills they learned in Stage 1. These two strokes should be based on their choice of watercraft, and could be strokes such as a sweep stroke, J stroke, bow rudder, pry or draw.

The youth member should be able to demonstrate swimming 25 meters in their PFD.

The youth member should wear suitable clothing for the activity and location, including long-sleeved tops suitable for water activities, the potential need for long legged pants, hat, sunscreen and sunglasses.

The youth member should demonstrate an understanding of blowing a whistle in bursts of three (SOS) and paddling towards the bank or shore and reviewing their plan. They should also show an understanding of how they might work out with a map where they are on the waterway.

The youth member is required to demonstrate correctly holding their paddle. Proper technique for holding the paddle and paddling in a straight line should see the youth member with one hand on the t-handle, one on the shaft and using forward strokes on both sides ensuring that they work with their buddy and paddle in a straight line. If using a kayak, they will demonstrate this with their double blade paddle.

The youth member needs to demonstrate paddling a watercraft during a planned paddling trip. This includes staying with the other craft in the group and ensuring they travel at the speed of the slowest craft staying no more than 20 meters from each other. They should be able to still talk between boats and easily see all members of the group.

The youth member is required to take part and log two paddling activities of at least 1.5 hours each at this stage. These can be done on a Section night or on a special planned activity/camp.

The youth member is required to demonstrate knowledge of the important parts of the canoe or kayak and be able to point them out while naming them. These are parts such as the deck, cockpit, rail, bow, stern, port and starboard.

The youth member must demonstrate an understanding of the activity leader's instructions. They should demonstrate staying close to the paddling group, keeping away from other craft and people in or by the water. They should look at the activity map and understand where the activity is occurring prior to launch.

The youth member must demonstrate cleaning of their watercraft after a paddling activity. They should ensure that they rinse the craft with freshwater to remove any salt, mud, sand and weeds.

The youth member should talk about their favourite things about their paddling trips in their log. They should also talk to their Patrol, Unit, leader about these, it could be at Unit Council or even around a campfire.

The youth member should review their paddling activities. Their discussion should include things they forgot, where they could go next time and how they could challenge themselves further.

The youth member should be able to explain risks associated with rain, electrical storms, high winds, and hot days. These risks should cover people, equipment and environment.

The youth member should be able to explain why it's important to wear the correct clothing and gear for paddling activities and what that gear is. They will also need to consider dressing for the weather and any safety gear required.

The youth member should be able to explain which items they would take with them based on their paddling activity. They will need to consider factors such as the location, duration, season and weather conditions, who is going and the availability of fresh water when deciding on what to bring.

The youth member should demonstrate this by researching weather forecast options and showing a copy of an up to date weather forecast for the area of their activity. They should be able to explain what the forecast they have brought means. This could be from the Bureau of Meteorology or a local weather station.

The youth member is required to learn about another paddling stroke, which is different to the ones learned in Stage 1 and 2, based on their watercraft. Strokes they could learn include: J-stroke, stop, sweep stroke, bow rudder, pry, low brace, high brace or draw.

The youth member needs to discuss two different rescue techniques for their watercraft and the steps involved if they need to do them. Options for rescue techniques could include T rescue, H rescue or self-rescue.

The youth member is required to demonstrate an understanding of different communication methods that can be used on the water. These can include either paddle signals or whistle calls and these calls should be in-line with the National Paddle Signals.

The youth member should be able to demonstrate understanding of what the red, green and yellow marker buoys and the shapes of signs on waterways mean.

The youth member needs to be able to explain to their Patrol or their two-up peer what their understanding of DRSABCD is and how to use it in a first aid situation. This should also be demonstrated in a mock emergency: D for Danger R for Response S for Send for Help A for Airway B for Breathing C for Circulation D for Defibrillation.

The youth member needs to demonstrate during a paddling activity how to safely enter and exit their watercraft. They could do this by doing the following: Face towards the bow, placing the paddle across the cockpit. Grasp the paddle gunwale (rail) on each side of the canoe. The bow person gets in first, while the other stabilises. To exit, do the reverse of getting in!

The youth member should demonstrate safely securing their watercraft to a shoreline or activity storage area using a knot they have learnt for paddling.

The youth member is required to demonstrate selecting the correct size paddle and indicate why they chose that paddle. A canoe paddle should be from the ground to their armpit. A double blade kayak paddle ground to raised arm height.

The youth member should help a Scout working on Stage 1 to put their PFD on. They should ensure their straps are straight and firm and that the Scout is wearing the correct size and that the PFD can't slip over their head.

The youth member is required to have taken part in and log two (2) paddling activities of at least half a day each. These should be in addition to the activities done for Stage 2. Half a day is counted as 3 hours. They should include in their log where they did the activities, who they did it with and what they learned during the paddle.

The youth member is required to demonstrate using the correct strokes and paddle on both sides to avoid crashing into other craft and to navigate around objects.

The youth member is required to demonstrate how to raft up with other watercraft. They should be able to discuss when and why they would need to raft up.

The youth member is required to safely capsize a canoe while sitting in it. They should roll forward to get out of the upturned craft and retrieve your paddle as soon as possible, ensuring you keep hold of the watercraft and signal for help.

The youth member is required to demonstrate getting back into their canoe or kayak with the help from someone. They could choose to use an H or X rescue or talk you through a self-rescue. These rescues should be logged in their logbook.

The youth member is required to demonstrate swimming in their PFD for a distance of 25m, then tread water for 2 minutes and then swim the 25m back again.

The youth member should teach a Scout working on Stage 1 or 2 the importance of the buddy system when undertaking paddling activities.

The youth member should review both of their paddling activities with their Patrol. This could include things that were forgotten, planning a different location for next time, reviewing teamwork with their buddy and group and damage to any equipment. Topics should also cover safety and how this can be improved for future activities.

The youth member needs to help a Scout working on Stage 2 enabling them to understand how to stay safe when around and going on the water. They should include things like: Weather Their ability Their Patrol member's abilities Whether there is a skilled swimmer or adult around who can help if needed Tides Location Wearing a PFD Swimming and wearing enclosed shoes.

The youth member will need to demonstrate understanding of a canoe trip from the itinerary, by discussing the gear list, time of departure and arrival home, menu, and route with the trip leader, and by bringing what is required to the activity.

The youth member should be able to clearly explain why you shouldn't stand in canoes when on land and what dragging them over rough surfaces will do them. They should also discuss why they shouldn't use paddles to push off when launching their canoe, and how to carry their paddles correctly so they don't hurt others or damage the paddles.

The youth member should check their local marine safety legislation as to what equipment they are required to have. They should also follow their Branch policies and best practice regarding required equipment. Required equipment could include: PFD Whistle Two way radio Satellite phone or EPIRB First aid kit.

The youth member should be able to demonstrate organising safe transportation of canoeing equipment gear to the canoe activity location. They will need to consider what gear they need, who will transport gear, how it will be transported, and securing gear before transportation.

The youth member will need to correctly demonstrate a suitable knot without guidance during a mock drill or real activity. They could choose knots such as a clove hitch, round turn and two half hitches, highwayman's hitch, bowline, or fisherman's knot. They should be able to discuss the use of their chosen knot in relation to a rescue situation and it should be a different one to the knot example they used in Stage 2.

The youth member should demonstrate understanding in ensuring good communication between the group, taking regular rest breaks, and the need to paddle at the speed of the slowest person.

The youth member should demonstrate an awareness of seeing the changes in weather systems whilst on their activity and what danger signs they need to be looking out for. This could include a change in wind direction, dark clouds approaching and/or a change in humidity. They should be able to determine 3 different types of clouds and what type of weather they generally bring.

The youth member should be able to demonstrate the Heat Escape Lessening Positioning and huddle position. The youth member should pull their knees together and hug them close to their chest using their arms to help prevent heat loss and reduce the risk of hypothermia. They could do this with their Patrol and huddle together in this position to conserve body heat, increase morale and help rescuers find them more easily.

The youth member should be aware of the general and most common signs and symptoms of both hypothermia and hyperthermia. This could be learnt through research and demonstrated through mock emergencies. They should consider how they would avoid themselves and others getting hypothermia and hyperthermia during paddling activities.

The youth member should demonstrate rafting up with the rest of their party and correctly moving in the canoe to change positions with their canoe buddy.

The youth member is required to take part in two canoeing activities and log them in their logbook. They should include where they did the activities, who they did them with, what the weather was like and any other interesting information about the activity. These should be in addition to any canoeing they did in earlier Stages.

The youth member needs to demonstrate being able to use a map or chart to plan a day trip. They should consider the speed they can travel and identify the rest areas, points of interest, safe exits and emergency exits.

The youth member should have learned at least 5 strokes through Stage 1 to Stage 4. They should effectively demonstrate these strokes during a canoe activity, taking into consideration the conditions of the waterway and any hazards they encounter on the activity.

The youth member needs to demonstrate getting into their canoe in a safe controlled manner. Once in, they should demonstrate moving off from the bank or ramp by using strokes to manoeuvre the canoe from the side.

The youth member should discuss with their Patrol or Unit the canoeing activities they have participated in at this stage and identify where they can improve their skills and the activities for next time.

The youth member is required to demonstrate a gear inspection after their activity including a visual inspection of their canoe, paddle, and PFD. They should be looking for rips, tears, cracks or holes. If there is anything that needs repairing or replacing they should discuss it with the leader in charge of the equipment.

The youth member needs to help a Scout working on Stage 2 enabling them to understand how to stay safe when around and going on the water. They should include things like: Weather Their ability Their Patrol member's abilities Whether there is a skilled swimmer or adult around who can help if needed Tides Location Wearing a PFD Swimming and wearing enclosed shoes.

The youth member will need to demonstrate an understanding of a kayak trip from the itinerary, by discussing the gear list, time of departure and arrival home, menu and route with the trip leader and by bringing what is required to the activity.

The youth member should be able to clearly explain why you shouldn't stand in kayaks when on land and what dragging them over rough surfaces will do them. They should also discuss why they shouldn't use paddles to push off when launching their kayak and how to carry their paddles correctly so they don't hurt others or damage the paddles.

The youth member should check their local marine safety legislation as to what equipment they are required to have. They should also follow their Branch policies and best practice regarding required equipment. Required equipment could include: PFD, Whistle, Two way radio, Satellite phone or EPIRB, First aid kit.

The youth member is required to demonstrate the organisation of safe transportation of kayaking equipment gear to the kayak activity location. They will need to consider what gear they need, who will transport gear, how it will be transported and securing gear before transportation.

The youth member will need to correctly demonstrate a suitable knot without guidance during a mock drill or real activity. They could choose knots such as a clove hitch, round turn and two half hitches, highwayman's hitch, bowline, or fisherman's knot. They should be able to discuss the use of their chosen knot in relation to a rescue situation and it should be a different one to the knot example they used in Stage 2.

The youth member is required to demonstrate an understanding in ensuring good communication between the group, taking regular rest breaks, and the need to paddle at the speed of the slowest person.

The youth member should demonstrate an awareness of seeing the changes in weather systems whilst on their activity and what danger signs they need to be looking out for. This could include a change in wind direction, dark clouds approaching and/or a change in humidity. They should be able to determine 3 different types of clouds and what type of weather they generally bring.

The youth member should be able to demonstrate the Heat Escape Lessening Positioning and huddle position. The youth member should pull their knees together and hug them close to their chest using their arms to help prevent heat loss and reduce the risk of hypothermia. They could do this with their Patrol and huddle together in this position to conserve body heat, increase morale and help rescuers find them more easily.

The youth member should be aware of the general and most common signs and symptoms of both hypothermia and hyperthermia. This could be learnt through research and demonstrated through mock emergencies. They should consider how they would avoid themselves and others getting hypothermia and hyperthermia during paddling activities.

The youth member needs to demonstrate rafting up with the rest of their party and correctly moving between kayaks.

The youth member needs to demonstrate being able to use a map or chart to plan a day trip. They should consider the speed they can travel and identify the rest areas, points of interest, safe exits and emergency exits.

The youth member is required to take part in two kayaking activities and log them in their logbook. They should include where they did the activities, who they did them with, what the weather was like and any other interesting information about the activity. These should be in addition to any kayaking they did in earlier Stages.

The youth member should have learned at least 5 strokes through Stage 1 to Stage 4. They should effectively demonstrate these strokes during a kayak activity, taking into consideration the conditions of the waterway and any hazards they encounter on the activity.

The youth member needs to demonstrate getting into their kayak in a safe controlled manner. Once in, they should demonstrate moving off from the bank or ramp by using strokes to manoeuvre the kayak from the side.

The youth member should discuss with their Patrol or Unit the kayaking activities they have participated in at this stage and identify where they can improve their skills and the activities for next time.

The youth member is required to demonstrate a gear inspection after their activity including a visual inspection of their kayak, paddle, and PFD. They should be looking for rips, tears, cracks or holes. If there is anything that needs repairing or replacing they should discuss it with the leader in charge of the equipment.

The youth member needs to help a Scout working on Stage 2 enabling them to understand how to stay safe when around and going on the water. They should include things like: Weather Their ability Their Patrol member's abilities Whether there is a skilled swimmer or adult around who can help if needed Tides Location Wearing a PFD Swimming and wearing enclosed shoes.

The youth member will need to demonstrate an understanding of a sea kayak trip from the itinerary, by discussing the gear list, time of departure and arrival home, menu and route with the trip leader and by bringing what is required to the activity.

The youth member should be able to clearly explain why you shouldn't stand in kayaks when on land and what dragging them over rough surfaces will do them. They should also discuss why they shouldn't use paddles to push off when launching their kayak and how to carry their paddles correctly so they don't hurt others or damage the paddles.

The youth member should check their local marine safety legislation as to what equipment they are required to have. They should also follow their Branch policies and best practice regarding required equipment. Required equipment could include: PFD, Whistle, Two way radio, Satellite phone or EPIRB, First aid kit.

The youth member is required to demonstrate the organisation of safe transportation of kayaking equipment gear to the sea kayak activity location. They will need to consider what gear they need, who will transport gear, how it will be transported and securing gear before transportation.

The youth member will need to correctly demonstrate a suitable knot without guidance during a mock drill or real activity. They could choose knots such as a clove hitch, round turn and two half hitches, highwayman's hitch, bowline, or fisherman's knot. They should be able to discuss the use of their chosen knot in relation to a rescue situation and it should be a different one to the knot example they used in Stage 2.

The youth member is required to demonstrate an understanding in ensuring good communication between the group, taking regular rest breaks, and the need to paddle at the speed of the slowest person.

The youth member should demonstrate an awareness of seeing the changes in weather systems whilst on their activity and what danger signs they need to be looking out for. This could include a change in wind direction, dark clouds approaching and/or a change in humidity. They should be able to determine 3 different types of clouds and what type of weather they generally bring.

The youth member should be able to demonstrate the Heat Escape Lessening Positioning and huddle position. The youth member should pull their knees together and hug them close to their chest using their arms to help prevent heat loss and reduce the risk of hypothermia. They could do this with their Patrol and huddle together in this position to conserve body heat, increase morale and help rescuers find them more easily.

The youth member should be aware of the general and most common signs and symptoms of both hypothermia and hyperthermia. This could be learnt through research and demonstrated through mock emergencies. They should consider how they would avoid themselves and others getting hypothermia and hyperthermia during paddling activities.

The youth member needs to demonstrate rafting up with the rest of their party and correctly moving between kayaks.

The youth member is required to take part in two sea kayaking activities and log them in their logbook. They should include where they did the activities, who they did them with, what the weather was like and any other interesting information about the activity. These should be in addition to any sea kayaking they did in earlier Stages.

The youth member needs to demonstrate being able to use a map or chart to plan a day trip. They should consider the speed they can travel and identify the rest areas, points of interest, safe exits and emergency exits.

The youth member should have learned at least 5 strokes through Stage 1 to Stage 4. The youth member should effectively demonstrate these strokes during a sea kayaking activity, taking into consideration the conditions of the waterway and any hazards they encounter on their activity.

The youth member needs to demonstrate using a sea kayak rudder or rudder stroke if the kayak does not have an inbuilt rudder.

The youth member needs to demonstrate getting into their sea kayak in a safe controlled manner. Once in, they should demonstrate moving off from the bank or ramp by using strokes to manoeuvre the sea kayak from the side.

The youth member should discuss with their Patrol or Unit the sea kayaking activities they have participated in at this Stage and identify where they can improve their skills and the activities for next time.

The youth member is required to demonstrate a gear inspection after their activity including a visual inspection of their sea kayak, paddle, and PFD. They should be looking for rips, tears, cracks or holes. If there is anything that needs repairing or replacing they should discuss it with the leader in charge of the equipment.

The youth member should consider how they might identify the needs of particular trips given people, location, season and access to food and water sources. The youth member should be able to: specify how much water to carry, and how often they will need to re-fill specify how many of each meal they will need (breakfast, lunch, dinner, snacks) and for how many people identify suitable foods for canoeing with regards to energy content, durability, perishability, and deliciousness Estimate overall energy requirements: how strenuous is the day? Will it make the youth member or the Patrol eat more?.

The youth member should demonstrate an understanding in their plan that they are able to select appropriate launching points and rest stops to ensure minimal damage to the environment.

The youth member should identify the difference between a hazard and a risk. The youth member should provide a hazard assessment and will need to account for Human hazards Environmental hazards Equipment hazards The youth member should include in their plan what steps they will take to minimise these hazards during an activity. The youth member should then consider the risks that may come from these hazards and how they will mitigate these on an activity. This step could be done as a Patrol or individual before a canoe trip.

The youth member should research and provide sources of information about selecting appropriate canoeing equipment for the planned activity.

The youth member should demonstrate an understanding through their planning that they have basic waterways knowledge. The youth member can do this by taking consideration of tide times in their plan and explaining the importance of the tides, eddies and flow of the river when planning their canoeing activity. The youth member should also be able to identify these three features during a canoe trip.

The youth member should be able to demonstrate knowledge of the different waterway markers when planning their route, using maps and/or charts which show the markers. These should be in addition to the common waterway markers that the youth member demonstrated knowledge of in in Stage 3. The practical demonstration of understanding waterways markers should be undertaken at Stage 5 as well.

The youth member should source the relevant local waterway regulations to their activity and indicate how it relates to the planned canoeing activity. The youth member should be able to discuss two new things which they learnt about on the canoeing activity. This could be related to the activity itself, different gear another Scout might have had or even something in the environment which they noticed such as the name of a bird or animal. Government marine websites and the Australian Adventurous Activities Standards may be a good place to start for information.

The youth member should include the safety and communication equipment in their activity plan and this should align with what they identified in Stage 4. The youth member should then demonstrate the correct use of this equipment on their canoe activity.

The youth member should demonstrate correctly lifting and moving equipment to reduce the risk of injury during transportation and storage. The youth member should consider body positioning, equipment position and other people's positions as all having implications to avoiding injury.

The youth member should work with a more experienced Scout to create an emergency plan and float plan for the activity. These plans will be taken on the canoe activity and be given to a responsible person in case of emergency. If needed these can be designed and developed together and the youth member could research emergency plans and float plans using paddling websites and the Australian Adventurous Activities Standards as guides.

The youth member should complete a first aid course through an accredited provider. The first aid course should cover similar content to Provide first aid (HLTAID003) or the current workplace first aid qualification. The youth member could do a higher first aid unit such as Provide advanced first aid or Provide first aid in a remote location. Members under the age of 14 may be able to participate in Provide First Aid courses, but may not necessarily receive the formal Units of Competency depending on provider.

The youth member needs to participate in one overnight, 2-day, canoe journey and log it their logbook. A day is counted as roughly 6 hours of activity time depending on paddle and skill of group. The youth member should include where they did the activities, who they did them with, the weather conditions, and any other interesting information about their activity. This journey should be in addition to any canoeing the youth member did in earlier Stages. Photos are also great evidence.

The youth member should demonstrate a self-rescue and explain the process, purpose and benefits to a Scout working on Stage 3 or below. The youth member should need minimal assistance to demonstrate this drill.

The youth member needs to demonstrate a H, T or X rescue as both the victim and the rescuer. They should log the rescue activity and note what they did during the activity, including photos if possible. The youth member should be able to complete these drills with little guidance from others.

The youth member should assist, whilst in a canoe, a Scout working on Stage 3 to get back into their watercraft. The Stage 3 Scout could be in a kayak or canoe and the youth member could choose to assist them by doing an H or T rescue or talking them through a self-rescue. Don't forget to log the rescue practice. Photos are also great evidence.

The youth member should help Scouts working on Stage 3 or lower to understand the different parts of their canoe and paddles and help them to learn the names. The youth member could do this through a game or something interesting and interactive.

The youth member should participate in being towed during a canoeing activity. The youth member could do a simple long tow, rafted long tow, simple short tow or a group tow. This activity should be written in their logbook and photos should be included if possible.

The youth member should have learned and been effectively demonstrating at least 5 strokes by Stage 4. The youth member should continue to effectively demonstrate these strokes and include the J and support strokes for canoeing if they haven't already.

The youth member should have provided their emergency plan and float plan to a responsible person prior to their canoeing activity and advised them when they started the activity. This could be the youth member's Scout Leader, Group Leader, local Police, National Parks or nominated home base personnel. On completion of the activity, the youth member should ensure that they notify the responsible person that they have completed the activity safely.

The youth member should be continually reviewing their performance during their canoeing activities and making small adjustments along the way. At the end of the activity, the youth member should review their performance as a whole and identify ways which they could improve. Could the youth member have improved their planning, equipment they brought or their skills? The review can be done individually and noted in the youth member's log book or a journal or with their activity Patrol or Unit. Photos or Videos may help the youth member identify areas where they could improve their technique.

The youth member should be able to discuss with their Patrol two things they have learnt on a recent paddling journey that they didn't already know about canoeing.

The youth member should consider how they might identify the needs of particular trips given people, location, season and access to food and water sources. The youth member should be able to: Specify how much water to carry, and how often they will need to re-fill Specify how many of each meal they will need (breakfast, lunch, dinner, snacks) and for how many people Identify suitable foods for kayaking with regard to energy content, durability, perishability, and deliciousness Estimate overall energy requirements: How strenuous is the day? Will it make the party eat more?.

The youth member should demonstrate an understanding in their plan that they are able to select appropriate launching points and rest stops to ensure minimal damage to the environment.

The youth member should identify the difference between a hazard and a risk. The youth member should provide a hazard assessment and will need to account for: Human hazards Environmental hazards Equipment hazards The youth member should include in their plan what steps they will take to minimise these hazards during an activity. The youth member should then consider the risks that may come from these hazards and how they will mitigate these on an activity. This step could be done as a Patrol or individual before a kayaking trip.

The youth member should research and provide sources of information about selecting appropriate kayaking equipment for their planned activity.

The youth member should demonstrate an understanding through their planning that they have basic waterways knowledge. The youth member can do this by taking consideration of tide times in the plan and explaining the importance of the tides, eddies and flow of the river when planning a canoeing activity. The youth member should also be able to identify these three features during a kayak trip.

The youth member should be able to demonstrate knowledge of the different waterway markers when planning a route, using maps and/or charts which show the markers. These should be in addition to the common waterway markers they demonstrated knowledge of in Stage 3. The practical demonstration of understanding waterways markers should be undertaken at Stage 5 as well.

The youth member should source the relevant local waterway regulations to their activity and indicate how it relates to their planned kayaking activity. The youth member should be able to discuss two new things which they learned about on a kayaking activity. This could be related to the activity itself, different gear another Scout might have had or even something in the environment they noticed such as the name of a bird or animal. Government marine websites and the Australian Adventurous Activities Standards may be a good place to start for information.

The youth member should research and provide sources of information about the reasons for kayak rolls and two methods of rolling a kayak.

The youth member should include the safety and communication equipment in their activity plan and this should align with what they identified in Stage 4. The youth member should then demonstrate the correct use of this equipment on their kayak activity.

The youth member should demonstrate correctly lifting and moving equipment to reduce the risk of injury during transportation and storage. The youth member should consider body positioning, equipment position and other peoples position all having implications on how to avoid injury.

The youth member should work with a more experienced Scout to create an emergency plan and float plan for an activity. These plans will be taken on the kayak activity and be given to a responsible person in case of emergency. If needed these can be designed and developed together and the youth member could research emergency plans and float plans using paddling websites and the Australian Adventurous Activities Standards as guides.

The youth member should complete a first aid course through an accredited provider. The first aid course should cover similar content to Provide first aid (HLTAID003) or the current workplace first aid qualification. The youth member could do a higher first aid unit such as Provide advanced first aid or Provide first aid in a remote location. * Members under the age of 14 may be able to participate in Provide First Aid courses, but may not necessarily receive the formal Units of Competency depending on provider.

The youth member needs to participate in one overnight, 2-day, kayaking journey and log it their logbook. A day is counted as roughly 6 hours of activity time depending on paddle and skill of group. The youth member should include where they did the activities, who they did them with, the weather conditions and any other interesting information about the activity. This journey should be in addition to any kayaking the youth member did in earlier Stages. Photos are also great evidence.

The youth member should demonstrate a self-rescue and explain the process, purpose and benefits to a Scout working on Stage 3 or below. The youth member should need minimal assistance to demonstrate this drill.

The youth member needs to successfully demonstrate a deep-water re-entry, in a sit-in kayak. It is ok if the youth member can't do this on their first attempt, they should keep trying and developing the skill. The youth member will need to be able to do this successfully before this statement is marked off. Don't forget to include the detail in their logbook, photos can also be great evidence.

The youth member should assist, whilst in a kayak, a Scout working on Stage 3 to get back into their watercraft. The Stage 3 Scout could be in a kayak or canoe and the youth member could choose to assist them by doing an H or T rescue or talking them through a self- rescue. The youth member should log rescue practice in their logbook. Photos are also great evidence.

The youth member should help Scouts working on Stage 3 or lower to understand the different parts of their kayak and paddles and help them to learn the names. The youth member could do this through a game or something interesting and interactive.

The youth member should participate in being towed during a kayaking activity. The youth member could do a simple long tow, rafted long tow, simple short tow or a group tow. This activity should be written in their logbook and photos should be included if possible.

The youth member should have learned and been effectively demonstrating at least 5 strokes by Stage 4. The youth member should continue to effectively demonstrate these strokes and include rudder and support strokes for kayaking if they haven't already.

The youth member should have provided their emergency plan and float plan to a responsible person prior to the kayaking activity and advised them when they started the activity. This could be the youth member's Scout Leader, Group Leader, local Police, National Parks or nominated home base personnel. On completion of the activity, the youth member should ensure that they notify the responsible person that they have completed the activity safely.

The youth member should be continually reviewing their performance during their kayaking activities and making small adjustments along the way. At the end of the activity, the youth member should review their performance as a whole and identify ways in which they could improve. Could the youth member have improved their planning, what equipment they brought or their skills? The youth member's review can be done individually and noted in their log book, a journal or with their activity Patrol or Unit. Photos or Videos may help the youth member identify areas where they could improve their technique.

The youth member should be able to discuss with their Patrol two things they have learnt on a recent paddling journey that they didn't already know about kayaking.

The youth member should consider how they might identify the needs of particular trips given people, location, season and access to food and water sources. The youth member should be able to: Specify how much water to carry, and how often they will need to re-fill Specify how many of each meal they will need (breakfast, lunch, dinner, snacks) and for how many people Identify suitable foods for sea kayaking with regard to energy content, durability, perishability, and deliciousness Estimate overall energy requirements: how strenuous is the day? Will it make the party eat more?.

The youth member should demonstrate an understanding in their plan that they are able to select appropriate launching points and rest stops to ensure minimal damage to the environment.

The youth member should identify the difference between a hazard and a risk. The youth member should provide a hazard assessment and will need to account for: Human hazards Environmental hazards Equipment hazards The youth member should include in their plan what steps they will take to minimise these hazards during an activity. The youth member should then consider the risks that may come from these hazards and how they will mitigate these on an activity. This step could be done as a Patrol or individual before a sea kayaking trip.

The youth member should research and provide sources of information about selecting appropriate sea kayaking equipment for their planned activity.

The youth member should demonstrate an understanding through their planning that they have basic waterways knowledge. The youth member can do this by taking consideration of tide times into their plan and explaining the importance of the tides, eddies and flow of the river or open sea when planning their sea kayaking activity. The youth member should also be able to identify these three features during a sea kayak trip.

The youth member should be able to demonstrate knowledge of the different waterway markers when planning their route, using maps and/or charts which show the markers. These should be in addition to the common waterway markers the youth member demonstrated knowledge of in Stage 3. The practical demonstration of understanding waterways markers should be undertaken at Stage 5 as well.

The youth member should source the relevant local waterway regulations to their activity and indicate how it relates to the planned sea kayaking activity. The youth member should be able to discuss two new things they learned about on their sea kayaking activity. This could be related to the activity itself, different gear another Scout might have had or even something in the environment which the youth member noticed such as the name of a bird or animal. Government marine websites and the Australian Adventurous Activities Standards may be a good place to start for information.

The youth member should research and provide sources of information about the reasons for kayak rolls and two methods of rolling a sea kayak.

The youth member should demonstrate correctly lifting and moving equipment to reduce the risk of injury during transportation and storage. The youth member should consider body positioning, equipment position and other peoples position all having implications on how to avoid injury.

The youth member should work with a more experienced Scout to create an emergency plan and float plan for their activity. These plans will be taken on the sea kayak activity and be given to a responsible person in case of emergency. If needed these can be designed and developed together and the youth member could research emergency plans and float plans using paddling websites and the Australian Adventurous Activities Standards as guides.

The youth member should include the safety and communication equipment in their activity plan and this should align with what they identified in Stage 4. The youth member should then demonstrate the correct use of this equipment on their sea kayak activity.

The youth member should complete a first aid course through an accredited provider. The first aid course should cover similar content to Provide first aid (HLTAID003) or the current workplace first aid qualification. The youth member could do a higher first aid unit such as Provide advanced first aid or Provide first aid in a remote location. * Members under the age of 14 may be able to participate in Provide First Aid courses, but may not necessarily receive the formal Units of Competency depending on the provider.

The youth member needs to participate in one overnight, 2-day, sea kayaking journey and log it their logbook. A day is counted as roughly 6 hours of activity time depending on paddle and skill of group. The youth member should include where they did the activities, who they did them with, the weather conditions and any other interesting information about the activity. This journey should be in addition to any sea kayaking the youth member did in earlier Stages. Photos are also great evidence.

The youth member should demonstrate a self-rescue and explain the process, purpose and benefits to a Scout working on Stage 3 or below. The youth member should need minimal assistance to demonstrate this drill.

The youth member needs to successfully demonstrate a deep-water re-entry, in their sea kayak. It is ok if the youth member can't do this first time, but they should keep trying and developing the skill. The youth member will need to be able to do this successfully before this statement is marked off. The youth member should remember to include the activity details in their logbook, photos can also be great evidence.

The youth member should assist, whilst in a sea kayak, a Scout working on Stage 3 to get back into their watercraft. The Stage 3 Scout could be in a kayak or canoe and the youth member could choose to assist them by doing an H or T rescue or talking them through a self-rescue. The youth member should remember to log the rescue practice in their logbook. Photos are also great evidence.

The youth member should help Scouts working on Stage 3 or lower to understand the different parts of their sea kayak and paddles and help them to learn the names. The youth member could do this through a game or something interesting and interactive.

The youth member should participate in being towed during a sea kayaking activity. The youth member could do a simple long tow, rafted long tow, simple short tow or a group tow. This activity should be written in their logbook and photos should be included if possible.

The youth member should have learnt and been effectively demonstrating at least 5 strokes by Stage 4. The youth member should continue to effectively demonstrate these strokes and include rudder and support strokes for sea kayaking during a sea kayaking activity.

The youth member should have provided their emergency plan and float plan to a responsible person prior to their sea kayaking activity and advised them when they started the activity. This could be the youth member's Scout Leader, Group Leader, local Police, National Parks or nominated home base personnel. On completion of the activity, the youth member should ensure that they notify the responsible person that they have completed the activity safely.

The youth member should be continually reviewing their performance during their kayaking activities and making small adjustments along the way, at the end of the activity the youth member should review their performance as a whole and identify ways they could improve. Could the youth member have improved their planning? What equipment could be improved or replaced? Which skills need to be developed? The review can be done individually and noted in the youth member's log book or a journal or with their activity Patrol or Unit.

The youth member should be able to discuss with their Patrol two things they have learnt on a recent paddling journey that they didn't already know about sea kayaking.

The youth member will need to have completed Stage 5 and below of Bushcraft (Survival Skills stream), Camping and Bushwalking.

The youth member should know what is required to be packed for a canoeing activity, taking into consideration the location and itinerary for the activity. The youth member should be able to effectively pass this knowledge on to another Scout, working on a lower stage. The youth member will need to consider how they are going to convey this information.

The youth member should write an equipment list based on their canoe activity and the participant needs. The youth member should check to make sure the equipment they need is available from the Group or local sources such as other Scout Groups or community groups. If they don't have an inventory of the group equipment, it would be a good idea to create one making sure they mention type, quantity and condition.

The youth member should take primary leadership, including responsibility and risk management for a canoe trip. The youth member will need to have their plan reviewed and supervised by a skilled paddler. The plan needs to take in route, navigation, equipment needs, food needs, emergency plan, weather and tide conditions etc. The overnight trip should consist of roughly 4-6 hours of activity each day and could be a through paddle or a return trip to start location.

The youth member should ensure they take into consideration transportation for a canoe activity they are planning, this will include getting the group and gear to the location and back to the finishing point. The youth member can do this I statement in conjunction with planning a canoe trip in the I statement above.

The youth member is required to plan a nutritious menu for their overnight trip with their team. The youth member should help prepare these meals during their activity.

The youth member is required to demonstrate the use of a topographical/marine map and compass to indicate where they are and where they are going on their canoe trip.

The youth member should try out different ways to waterproof their gear on a canoe trip and use at least one of these methods when on an overnight canoe trip. The youth member should consider the necessary equipment needed to ensure their gear remains waterproof during the canoe trip.

The youth member should discuss of dangers of towing other canoes/paddlecraft with their Project Patrol. The youth member should then consider how they might mitigate these risks if they needed to tow a canoe on the journey.

The youth member should research and provide sources of information about a remote camping area and the local regulations for their planned activity.

The youth member should discuss minimal environmental impact practices where they should ideally pack out any waste, or bury organics 15cm below topsoil 100m from campsite or waterways. These practises then need to be demonstrated on canoeing trips both that the youth member leads and participates in.

The youth member needs to lead deep water rescue drills using canoes (H,T or X rescues) ideally with Scouts working on Stage 5 or below. This activity should be a structured and planned activity, including risk minimisation . The youth member should log the activity noting the type of rescues done and who the activity was for. The youth member should also consider running a short search and rescue drill on the water - this should depend on conditions and participants skill.

The youth member should know what is why it is important to stay together in a group and how to do so whilst canoeing, this is covered in Stage 4. The youth member should be able to effectively pass this knowledge on to another Scout, working on a lower stage. The youth member will know if the their teachings have been successful if that Scout is able to demonstrate keeping together on a canoe trip and the lower Stage Scout is able to tell the youth member some key reasons why its important to keep the group together after the activity occurs.

The youth member should now be able to recognise and predict the conditions which come before bad weather; such as change in wind direction, dark clouds approaching, change in humidity, jet streams in the sky, different types of clouds and knowing what they mean.

The youth member should be able to effectively pass this knowledge on to another Scout, working on a lower stage. The youth member will know if they are successful in their teachings if that Scout is able to demonstrate that skill and understands the safety element and knowledge the youth member has taught them.

The youth member should have learned and been effectively demonstrating at least 6 strokes, including J-stroke by Stage 5. The youth member now needs to choose another two strokes at this Stage, these could be a sweep, cross-draw stroke, C-stroke, sculling draw, reverse scull, draw, push-away stroke, running pry or a range of support strokes.

The youth member needs to do ten (10) canoeing activity days and ensure they are recorded in their logbook. The youth member should log in their logbook when they did the activity, where they did the activities, who they did them with, the weather conditions and any other interesting information about the activity.

The youth member should demonstrate understanding of how and when to access emergency assistance while in a remote location, based on their personal/group equipment and Branch/local guidelines.

The youth member needs to participate in a canoe trip in which they camp out for two nights and travel roughly 40km in their canoe. The trip should bridge 3 day and the youth member should paddle on all 3 of the days. The youth member should include when they did this activity, where they did the activities, who they did them with, what the weather was like and any other interesting information about their activity in their logbook entry. This journey should be in addition to any canoeing the youth member did in earlier Stages.

The youth member's presentation should be around three to five minutes long and may be in person or as a pre-recorded video followed by questions. The content of the reflection is at the youth member's discretion and the purpose of the presentation is to encourage younger Scouts to become excited about canoeing/paddling opportunities.

The youth member should demonstrate correctly cleaning and packing away group gear after a canoe activity. The gear will depend on the activity and could include canoes, PFDs and overnight camping gear. If any equipment is damaged, the youth member should ensure it is reported to their leader.

The youth member will need to have completed Stage 5 and below of Bushcraft (survival skills), Camping and Bushwalking.

The youth member is required to teach another Scout about packing for a kayaking activity, taking into consideration the location and itinerary for the activity. They should be able to effectively pass this knowledge on to another Scout, working on a lower stage. They will need to consider how they are going to convey this information.

The youth member should write an equipment list based on their kayak activity and the participant needs. They should check to make sure the equipment they need is available from the Group or local sources such as other Scout Groups or community groups. If they don't have an inventory of the group equipment, it would be a good idea to create one making sure to mention type, quantity and condition.

The youth member is required to take primary leadership, including responsibility and risk management for a kayak trip. They will need to have their plan reviewed and supervised by a skilled paddler. The plan needs to take in the route, navigation, equipment needs, food needs, emergency plan, weather and tide conditions. The overnight trip should consist of roughly 4-6 hours of activity each day and could be a through paddle or a return trip to start location.

The youth member should have learned and been effectively demonstrating at least 6 strokes, including ruddering and support strokes by stage 5. They now need to choose another two strokes at this Stage. They could be a sweep, cross-draw stroke, C-stroke, sculling draw, reverse scull, draw, push-away stroke, running pry or a range of support strokes.

The youth member is required to help organise transportation for a kayak activity they are planning. This will include getting the group and gear to the location and back to your finishing point. They can do this I statement in conjunction with the planning of a kayak trip in the I statement above.

The youth member is required to plan a nutritious menu for their overnight trip with their team. The youth member should help prepare these meals during their activity.

The youth member is required to demonstrate the use of a topographical/marine map and compass to indicate where they are and where they are going on their kayak trip.

The youth member should research and provide sources of information about a remote camping area and the local regulations for their planned activity.

The youth member should discuss minimal environmental impact practices where they should ideally pack out any waste, or bury organics 15cm below topsoil 100m from campsite or waterways. These practises then need to be demonstrated on their kayaking trips, both the ones that they lead and participate in.

The youth member will need to lead deep water rescue drills using kayaks (H,T or X rescues) ideally with Scouts working on Stage 5 or below. This activity should be a structured and planned activity, including risk minimisation. This activity should be logged, noting the type of rescues done and who the activity was for. They should also consider running a short search and rescue drill on the water - this should depend on conditions and participants skill.

The youth member should practice two types of rolls they researched in Stage 5 in their kayak.

The youth member should be able to effectively pass this knowledge on to another Scout, working on a lower stage. They will know if they are successful in their teachings if that Scout is able to demonstrate keeping together on a kayak trip and they will be able to discuss some key reasons why it's important to keep the group together after the activity occurs.

The youth member should now be able to recognise and predict the conditions which come before bad weather; such as change in wind direction, dark clouds approaching, change in humidity, jet streams in the sky, different types of clouds and knowing what they mean.

The youth member should be able to effectively pass this knowledge on to another Scout, working on a lower stage. They will know if they are successful in their teachings if that Scout is able to demonstrate that skill and understands the safety element and knowledge they have been taught.

The youth member is required to do ten (10) kayaking activity days and ensure they are in their logbook. In their log they should include when they did the activity, where they did the activities, who they did the activities with, what the weather was like and any other interesting information about the activity.

The youth member is required to demonstrate an understanding of how and when to access emergency assistance while in remote location, based on their personal/group equipment and Branch/local guidelines.

The youth member needs to participate in a kayak trip in which they camp out for two nights and travel roughly 40km in their kayak. The trip should bridge 3 days and paddling should occur on all 3 of the days. They should include when they did this activity, where they did the trip, who they did the trip with, what the weather was like and any other interesting information about the trip in their logbook. This journey should be in addition to any kayaking they did in earlier Stages.

The presentation should be around three to five minutes long and may be in person or as a pre-recorded video followed by questions. The content of the reflection is at the youth member's discretion and the purpose of the presentation is to encourage younger Scouts to become excited about kayaking/paddling opportunities.

The youth member is required to demonstrate correctly cleaning and packing away group gear after a kayaking activity. The gear will depend on their activity and could include kayaks, PFDs and overnight camping gear. If any equipment is damaged they should ensure it is reported to their trip or activity leader.

The youth member will need to have completed Stage 5 and below of Bushcraft (survival skills), Camping and Bushwalking.

The youth member is required to teach another Scout about packing for a sea kayaking activity, taking into consideration the location and itinerary for the activity. They should be able to effectively pass this knowledge on to another Scout, working on a lower stage. They will need to consider how they are going to convey this information.

The youth member should write an equipment list based on their sea kayak activity and the participant needs. The youth member should check to make sure the equipment they need is available from the Group or local sources such as other Scout Groups or community groups. If they don't have an inventory of the group equipment, it would be a good idea to create one making sure they mention type, quantity and condition.

The youth member should have learned and been effectively demonstrating at least 6 strokes, including ruddering and support strokes by stage 5. They now need to choose another two strokes at this Stage. They could be a sweep, cross-draw stroke, C-stroke, sculling draw, reverse scull, draw, push-away stroke, running pry or a range of support strokes. In addition to this, the youth member should now be able to use the rudder on their sea kayak fluidly and easily react to changing conditions.

The youth member is required to take primary leadership, including responsibility and risk management for a sea kayak trip. They will need to have their plan reviewed and supervised by a skilled paddler. The plan needs to take in the route, navigation, equipment needs, food needs, emergency plan, weather and tide conditions. The overnight trip should consist of roughly 4-6 hours of activity each day and could be a through paddle or a return trip to start location.

The youth member is required to help organise transportation for a sea kayak activity they are planning. This will include getting the group and gear to the location and back to your finishing point. They can do this I statement in conjunction with the planning of a kayak trip in the I statement above.

The youth member is required to plan a nutritious menu for their overnight trip with their team. The youth member should help prepare these meals during their activity.

The youth member is required to demonstrate the use of a topographical/marine map and compass to indicate where they are and where they are going on their sea kayak trip.

The youth member should research the relationship between land and sea and how the weather patterns differ accordingly. This research could be conducted through the internet, books or weather experts and the youth member should be able to apply the knowledge to the most local coastal environment where they go paddling.

The youth member should research and provide sources of information about a remote camping area and the local regulations for their planned activity.

The youth member should discuss minimal environmental impact practices where they should ideally pack out any waste, or bury organics 15cm below topsoil 100m from campsite or waterways. These practises then need to be demonstrated on their sea kayaking trips, both the ones that they lead and participate in.

The youth member will need to lead deep water rescue drills using kayaks (H,T or X rescues) ideally with Scouts working on Stage 5 or below. This activity should be a structured and planned activity, including risk minimisation. This activity should be logged, noting the type of rescues done and who the activity was for. They should also consider running a short search and rescue drill on the water - this should depend on conditions and participants skill.

The youth member should practice two types of rolls they researched in Stage 5 in their sea kayak.

The youth member should be able to effectively pass this knowledge on to another Scout, working on a lower stage. They will know if they are successful in their teachings if that Scout is able to demonstrate keeping together on a sea kayak trip and they will be able to discuss some key reasons why it's important to keep the group together after the activity occurs.

The youth member should now be able to recognise and predict the conditions which come before bad weather; such as change in wind direction, dark clouds approaching, change in humidity, jet streams in the sky, different types of clouds and knowing what they mean.

The youth member should be able to effectively pass this knowledge on to another Scout, working on a lower stage. They will know if they are successful in their teachings if that Scout is able to demonstrate that skill and understands the safety element and knowledge they have been taught.

The youth member is required to do ten (10) sea kayaking activity days and ensure they are in their logbook. In their log they should include when they did the activity, where they did the activities, who they did the activities with, what the weather was like and any other interesting information about the activity.

The youth member is required to demonstrate an understanding of how and when to access emergency assistance while in remote location, based on their personal/group equipment and Branch/local guidelines.

The youth member needs to participate in a sea kayak trip in which they camp out for two nights and travel roughly 40km in their sea kayak. The trip should bridge 3 days and paddling should occur on all 3 of the days. They should include when they did this activity, where they did the trip, who they did the trip with, what the weather was like and any other interesting information about the trip in their logbook. This journey should be in addition to any sea kayaking they did in earlier Stages.

The presentation should be around three to five minutes long and may be in person or as a pre-recorded video followed by questions. The content of the reflection is at the youth member's discretion and the purpose of the presentation is to encourage younger Scouts to become excited about sea kayaking/paddling opportunities.

The youth member is required to demonstrate correctly cleaning and packing away group gear after a sea kayaking activity. The gear will depend on their activity and could include sea kayaks, PFDs and overnight camping gear. If any equipment is damaged they should ensure it is reported to their trip or activity leader.

The youth member needs to plan and lead this journey with having remote supervision. All equipment, risk assessments, emergency action plans, route plan, menus etc. should be planned and carried with the group during the journey.

The youth member is required to develop a hazard assessment and risk control plan based on the increased risk of expedition based sea kayaking. Their plan should include what they should do to mitigate the risk of the hazards and if things don't go according to plan, how they will deal with injuries, loss of equipment and any other emergencies.

The youth member is required to draw up a navigational plan (float chart) using marine maps and consider local conditions. This will need to be done for their 2 night 3 day journey as well as any other sea kayaking at Stage 7.

The youth member should refer to the Australian Adventurous Activity standards which outline what equipment should be considered for sea kayaking trips. They should consider the type of activity, access to emergency services as well as skill of the group when planning this kit. They should include these items in the gear list for their sea kayaking trip. They should also ensure that they know how to use the equipment they carry.

The youth member should be able to explain Tuckman's stages of group development, which are forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning. They should also be able to discuss how group dynamics can affect performance and how knowing the group helps them to lead more effectively. They should use this knowledge to support planning group activities, food and equipment for their sea kayaking trip.

The youth member should review their Scouting Branch regulations as well as any local laws and the Australian Adventurous Activity Standards and Good Practice Guide.

The youth member is required to undertake, during good conditions and light to moderate winds, a sail in their sea kayak from one point to another. This can be done by constructing a sail with equipment they already have with the, like paddles, tent fly's etc. The youth members can join boats for this activity.

The youth member should demonstrate and be able to discuss how and why they load their sea kayak the way they do. They should take into consideration the water conditions, the manufacturers recommendation regarding weight capacity and storing of gear.

The youth member needs to complete and log at least 14 days of sea kayaking by the end of this Stage. In the log they should include; when they did the activities, where they did the activities, who they did the activities with and what the conditions were. Other notes such as stories and photos can also be included.

The youth member is required to demonstrate paddling in sea conditions classified as easy up to moderate (swell/surf to 1m, wind 11kts). They should include this detail in your paddle log. Depending on the conditions they may need support and guidance from more experienced sea kayakers.

The youth member should be able to identify changing weather conditions that will be threatening to the group while on activities and take appropriate actions to mitigate the risks to the group. If conditions during paddling in this stage don't lend themselves to real life scenarios then this can be demonstrated through mock emergency drills of which a skilled kayaker can write to deliver on a days sea kayaking trip.

The youth member needs to demonstrate launching their kayak from the beach in small surf conditions. This could be in swell up to 1m and waves up to half a meter.

During a sea kayaking activity, the youth member will need to demonstrate using a hand pump to remove water from their kayak while keeping on track and stable in their craft. They could also support another boat to do the same task so they can see how hard or easy it is to use a pump across boats.

The youth member is required to demonstrate an appropriate rolling technique in their sea kayak in up to moderate conditions. They should remain calm and regain their paddling position quickly when they complete their roll.

The youth member needs to lead this journey with having remote supervision. All equipment, risk assessments, emergency action plans and route plan should be carried with the group during the journey.

The youth member should provide feedback to their Patrol on how the Patrol could improve sea kayaking expeditions in the future, considering risk management, safety, equipment management, location selection, level of difficulty and training.

The youth member should know what is required to plan for a sea kayaking expedition based on their 'I' statements from Stages 1-7. The youth member should be able to effectively pass this knowledge on to another Scout, working on a lower Stage. If it has been a while since the youth member planned a sea kayaking expedition they should look back on their previous activity plans. The youth member will know if they are successful in their teachings if that Scout is able to demonstrate successfully planning a sea kayaking expedition.

The youth member should be involved in drafting a plan in order to teach basic sea kayaking skills to Scouts. The youth member's sea kayaking activity and teachings should be based on the group needs and the youth member should ensure they have another skilled sea kayaker look over their plans.

The youth member should be able to use their experience and knowledge gained over the last seven (7) Stages to recommend improvements to the groups sea kayaking expedition equipment based on their needs and the objectives of the activities planned.

The youth member needs to plan and lead this journey, while having remote supervision. The activity needs to go across 3 nights and 4 days with each night in a different location. All equipment, risk assessments, emergency action plans, route plan, and menus should be planned and carried with the group during the journey. The youth member should have some remote supervision (home base) to check in with when they can.

The youth member should demonstrate navigation techniques including reading sea charts in open water. They also need to demonstrate calculating distances and follow a bearing, taking into consideration the sea conditions.

The youth member should have already demonstrated rescues in previous Stages, and they should now demonstrate how to deal with a loaded kayak. The youth member will need to: Assess and identify potential hazards and risks Choose a rescue method suitable for the situation and ensure they communicate with the group The youth member should demonstrate this skill in a couple of different environments such as different sea, beach and bay conditions or different weather conditions. The youth member needs to log their rescues and ensure they include a description as to the conditions and what they did during the rescue.

The youth member needs to demonstrate these three skills in a controlled manner and with high technical ability. The wind might be varying speeds and depending on the condition may impact how long the youth member should demonstrate these skills for.

The youth member must have completed the Wilderness First Aid skill set. This can be through a course with an accredited provider or by other means, such as Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) through SAIT or other providers. For the purposes of the OAS, a Wilderness First Aid course consists of SIS training package's Wilderness First Aid skillset (SISSS00126), or its replacement: HLTAID003 Provide first aid SISOFLD004 Provide first aid in remote locations SISXEMR002 Coordinate emergency responses.

The youth member needs to complete and log at least 20 days of sea kayaking by the end of this Stage. The youth member should include in their log when they did the activities, where they did the activities, who they did them with, what the conditions were and the grade the environments were. Additionally the youth member may add commentary around what they saw, issues they had or things that were interesting on the trip.

The youth member needs to undertake repairs on a pieces of sea kayaking equipment. This could be a spray deck, PDF, parts of the boat or paddle etc.

The youth member needs to provide feedback on skill development for less experienced Scouts working on sea kayaking. Feedback could be about equipment selection, paddle strokes, paddle placement and hold, how they are sitting in their craft etc.

The youth member should keep their CPR and First Aid qualifications current, by updating CPR annually and re-doing their first aid course every three years or as required for the wilderness skill set.

The youth member should provide a detailed risk assessment and management plan as part of their sea kayaking activity plan and will need to account for: Human risk involving hazardous Environmental risk Equipment risk The youth member will also need to put in place mitigations for the risks identified and show action on these mitigations in the lead up and during their four (4) day trip.

The youth member should demonstrate effectively planning a 4 day sea kayaking expedition. The youth member's plans should include route plan, transport, budgets, risk management, equipment and contingency plans.

The youth member should complete all the paperwork and permissions required in order to proceed with their 4 day sea kayaking trip planned above to complete below. Paperwork could be local state or territory National Parks/landowners paperwork and/or Scouting Branch paperwork for the trip.

The youth member should be able to demonstrate an appropriate exiting technique from their sea kayak in moderate to difficult conditions and then show competent re-entry - they could use assistance from others or they could demonstrate solo with a roll.

The youth member should be able to demonstrate an appropriate rolling technique in their sea kayak in moderate to difficult conditions. The youth member should remain calm and regain their paddling position quickly when they complete their roll.

The youth member needs to complete and log at least 30 days of sea kayaking by the end of this Stage. The youth member should include in their log when they did the activities, where they did the activities, who they did the activities with, and what the conditions were.

The youth member should assist other Scouts working on Stage 7 Sea Kayaking. This includes providing constructive feedback and helping them learn the skills required to progress.

The youth member's presentation should be regarding an interesting, fun, challenging or unique aspect(s) about the skills they have gained. Because of the nature of the adventurous activity, it is recommended that a presentation is very visual, exciting and inspiring, rather than a dreary or boring PowerPoint/speech.

The youth member should consider what they would like to do with the level of skill they have gained throughout the Outdoor Adventure Skills Stages of Paddling. The youth member should have a conversation with a mentor or friend to bounce ideas off. These could include a job in the industry, accrediting their youth program skills through Scouts Australia Institute of Training (SAIT), joining a paddling club or helping out with a Scouting activities team to support more youth through the Outdoor Adventure Skills. It's the youth member's personal journey.